Homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions for Maxwell nanofluid flow over an elongating cylindrical pipe via finite element method

Abstract

AbstractHomogeneous–heterogeneous chemical reactions in simultaneous heat and mass transport for Maxwell fluid subjected to thermophoresis and Brownian motion are modeled and governing mathematical models are simplified using approximations proposed models are simplified using approximations proposed by Ludwing Prandtl. The simplified governing mathematical models under Buongiorno's theory are numerically solved via finite element method (FEM). The convergence and mesh free solution are solved for parametric study. The momentum relaxation phenomenon is the characteristic of liquid to restore its equilibrium state. Therefore, a remarkable reduction in the motion of fluid particles against an increase in Deborah number is noticed. A rise in temperature distribution is noticed when Brownian motion parameter is enhanced. The flow is decelerated as the curvature of the cylinder increases. As a consequence, the viscous region shrinks and its thickness becomes smaller. Hence, it is concluded that flow over flat surface has wider boundary layer region than the boundary layer region associated with flow over the cylindrical surface. The wall shear stress for the flow over a cylindrical object is higher than that for the flow over a flat surface. The wall heat and mass fluxes have an increasing tendency when the curvature parameter is increased. Wall heat flux and wall mass flux have opposite behavior due to rise in thermophorsis and Brownian motion effects.