Abstract
Recent research has led to the development of mild, efficient and selective catalytic systems based on Rh(i) complexes. This review summarises the applications of these catalysts to the synthesis of heterocycles from simple building blocks. Included herein are approaches based on cycloisomerisation, cycloaddition, hydroacylation and hydroarylation reactions, as well as various tandem and domino procedures and carbonylation processes.
Highlights
Heterocyclic scaffolds represent one of the most important families of compounds in fields as far ranging as medicinal chemistry, materials science and natural product synthesis
With the great strides seen over the past few decades, a plethora of selective, mild, functional group tolerant transition metal catalysed reactions have been developed, and many of these methodologies have been tested in the field of heterocycle synthesis.[1]
In this review we have summarised the major fields of Rh(I) catalysis and how each has been applied to the synthesis of diverse heterocycles
Summary
Heterocyclic scaffolds represent one of the most important families of compounds in fields as far ranging as medicinal chemistry, materials science and natural product synthesis. The wide variability and tuneability of properties, such as polarity, co-ordination ability, UV absorbance and lipophilicity explains the prevalence of this architecture in this diverse range of fields Since their explosion onto the mainstream organic scene in the 1970s and 80s, transition metal catalysed reactions have represented a popular choice of method to achieve what were previously difficult, or even impossible transformations. Willis of Oxford, where he is a a Professor of Chemistry and a Fellow of Lincoln College His group’s research interests are based on the development and application of new catalytic processes for organic synthesis. Rh(II) catalysed processes typically involve the intermediacy of a rhodium carbenoid, predominantly generated from diazo compounds, recent breakthroughs in the generation of iminocarbenes from sulfonyl triazoles, themselves accessible through Huisgen cycloaddition chemistry, have provided a versatile method for the synthesis of a range of heterocycles.[4]. Stereochemical notations for absolute and relative stereochemistry are as described by Maehr.[5]
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