Abstract
We measured the homogeneous nucleation rates of D2O in a supersonic nozzle. Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments characterized the nanodroplet aerosols and yielded the number density N of particles formed. In these new SANS measurements the number densities were in the range of 4×1011<N/cm−3<2×1012. We then determined the characteristic time interval corresponding to the peak nucleation rate ΔtJmax from conventional pressure profile measurements in the nozzle. The sensitive time is typically (11±3) μs. Combining these two pieces of information we obtained the nucleation rate J=NNZ/ΔtJmax, where NNZ is the number density of the aerosol in the nucleation zone. In this nozzle, the peak nucleation rate ranges between 6×1016 and 1.2×1017 cm−3 s−1 and is quite insensitive to the initial conditions of the expansion.
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