Abstract
AbstractFor continuous maps ƒ of the circle to itself, we show: (A) the set of nonwandering points of ƒ coincides with that of ƒn for every odd n; (B) ƒ has a horseshoe if and only if it has a non-wandering homoclinic point; (C) if the set of periodic points is closed and non-empty, then every non-wandering point is periodic.
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