Abstract
Home advantage (HA) in the four major professional sports leagues in North America is the topic of this chapter, these being baseball (MLB), ice hockey (NFL), basketball (NBA), and American football (NFL). Trends in HA since 1951 are first analysed. After considering relevant theoretical aspects of HA, a distinction is made between HA as it applies not only to the whole team but also as it applies to specific one-on-one actions between just two players (such as a penalty shot in ice hockey) and single player actions (such as a free throw in basketball). For these HA is much reduced. HA variation according to the state of a game is also considered.
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