Abstract
IntroductionCuscuta platyloba Progel. and Cuscuta xanthochortos Mart. are holoparasites, which have been used to treat microbial infections, inflammation, and ulcers. Thus, the present study investigated the antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of these Cuscuta species, and applied metabolomics approaches to suggest the bioactive constituents. MethodsC. platyloba and C. xanthochortos were extracted by percolation to obtain the crude ethanol extract, and fractions by liquid-liquid extraction. These samples were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to determine bacterial growth and biofilm formation. The metabolomic profile was determined by liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detector and mass spectrometry (LC-DAD-MS), and statistical analysis (univariate and chemometrics) was applied to correlate the chemical compounds with antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. ResultsThe ethanol extracts were not active against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The ethyl acetate fractions were active against S. aureus and inhibited more than 74% of biofilm formation without changing the bacterial growth, while the dichloromethane fraction of C. platyloba inhibited approximately 94% of S. aureus biofilm formation and decreased the bacterial growth. Eighty-five compounds were annotated and the Pearson r correlation analysis showed mainly lignans, flavonoids, and phenylpropanoids positively correlated with the S. aureus antibiofilm activity. Additionally, iridoids and lignans were related to the antibacterial activity. ConclusionsC. platyloba and C. xanthochortos are natural sources of promising anti-S. aureus compounds, including flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, iridoids, and flavonoids.
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