Holographic principle, cosmological constant and cyclic cosmology

Abstract

The holographic principle provides a deep insight into quantum gravity and resolves the fine-tuning crisis concerning the cosmological constant. Holographic dark energy introduces new ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) cutoffs into quantum gravity which are necessarily strongly related. The equation of state for dark energy [Formula: see text] is discussed from the holographic point of view. The phantom option of [Formula: see text] is resurrected, as in an earlier cyclic cosmology. Such a cyclic model can, however, equally use the cosmological constant with [Formula: see text].