Holographic dark energy, matter creation, and cosmic acceleration

Abstract

In this paper, we study the adiabatic matter creation process in holographic dark energy (HDE) with the motivation of considering it as an alternative choice to explain the recent accelerating phase of the Universe. In the background, we consider a homogeneous and isotropic flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker geometry. It has been observed that the HDE with Hubble horizon as an IR cutoff does not show an accelerating Universe. Instead of assuming other IR cutoffs in order to have a transition at low redshifts, we consider the HDE model with the gravitationally induced matter creation processes. The matter creation rate is phenomenologically parametrized by a linear combination in terms of Hubble parameter, that is, $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}=3\ensuremath{\alpha}{H}_{0}+3\ensuremath{\beta}H$, where $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ and $\ensuremath{\beta}$ are positive constants. Some particular cases like HDE with $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}=0$ and $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}\ensuremath{\propto}H$ are also studied. The evolution of such models are tested by the latest observational data of a type Ia supernova, observational Hubble data, and latest local ${H}_{0}$ by SH0ES. We discuss the evolution of the Universe by plotting the trajectory of cosmological parameters using best-fit values. We find that the HDE model $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}=3\ensuremath{\alpha}{H}_{0}+3\ensuremath{\beta}H$ corresponds to early deceleration and then a smooth transition into an accelerated epoch. We discuss the cosmographic parameters and $Om$ to distinguish models with other standard dark energy models. By using the Akaike information criterion and the Bayesian information criterion, we also assess the viability of models corresponding to the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$ model. Finally, we discuss the thermodynamics of HDE model with matter creation and find that the model satisfies the generalized second law of thermodynamic under certain conditions.