Abstract
Holocene fluvial landscape evolution driven by sea level and tectonic controls in the Gangkou River, Hengchun Peninsula
Highlights
The Hengchun Peninsula (HP) is the southernmost tip of the island of Taiwan (Fig. 1a)
This research studied the river terraces, marine terrace and associated sediments along the Gangkou River to understand the influences of relative sea level changes and tectonic uplift on the downstream area of the Gangkou River, which features an underfit stream landscape
The most prominent brackish water occurred at 8.0 - 7.7 ka, corresponding to the Holocene Maximum Flooding Surface (HMFS)
Summary
The Hengchun Peninsula (HP) is the southernmost tip of the island of Taiwan (Fig. 1a). The island is thought to have formed from the oblique collision between the Luzon arc and the Eurasian continent, which occurred in northern Taiwan and propagated southward (Suppe 1981, 1984; Huang et al 1997). The HP is regarded as the youngest of the Taiwan orogenic belt and emerged above sea level very recently (Chang et al 2003). This study focuses on the Gangkou River (catchment area: 102 km2), which. Most studies have found that these areas have low uplift rates, and the rising sea level after the last ice age shifted the coastlines landward, slowing sediment transport and causing burial of the river channels in the lower reaches. After the stabilization of the sea level in the midHolocene, slow and steady tectonic uplift caused the downcutting of the buried river channel and formed river terraces
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