Hollow CoS/C Structures for High-Performance Li, Na, K Ion Batteries.

Yan Liu,Tao Zhang,Zhongyu Du,Weijin Kong,Zhicheng Jin,Yuliang Yan,Fengling Zhang,Changshuan Li,Yueying Wu,Leqing Zhang,Xiangkun Li,Huiwen Jiao,Ying Jiang,Qiang Li

doi:10.3389/fchem.2022.845742

Abstract

Alkali ion (Li, Na, and K) batteries as a new generation of energy storage devices are widely applied in portable electronic devices and large-scale energy storage equipment. The recent focus has been devoted to develop universal anodes for these alkali ion batteries with superior performance. Transition metal sulfides can accommodate alkaline ions with large radius to travel freely between layers due to its large interlayer spacing. Moreover, the composite with carbon material can further improve electrical conductivity of transition metal sulfides and reduce the electron transfer resistance, which is beneficial for the transport of alkali ions. Herein, we designed zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)–derived hollow structures CoS/C for excellent alkali ion (Li, Na, and K) battery anodes. The porous carbon framework can improve the conductivity and effectively buffer the stress-induced structural damage. The ZIF-derived CoS/C anodes maintain a reversible capacity of 648.9, and 373.2, 224.8 mAh g−1 for Li, Na, and K ion batteries after 100 cycles, respectively. Its outstanding electrochemical performance is considered as a universal anode material for Li, Na, and K ion batteries.

Highlights

Energy storage devices such as rechargeable batteries are the cornerstone of sustainable energy
In the case of CoS/C-sodium ion batteries (SIBs) and CoS/C-potassium ion batteries (PIBs) (Figures 5E, F), the fitted b values from cathodic/ anodic peaks are 0.89, 0.84, and 0.67, 0.83, respectively. These results indicate the electrochemical reaction kinetics of CoS/ C-SIBs and CoS/C-PIBs is similar to CoS/C-lithium ion batteries (LIBs), which dominated through diffusion-limited and surface-controlled capacitive behavior together
The CoS/C nanocomposite with hollow hexagon structure can be obtained through synthesis with zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)-67 template

Summary

Introduction

Energy storage devices such as rechargeable batteries are the cornerstone of sustainable energy. With the rapid demand for large industrial devices, such as aerospace, national grid, electric vehicles, and so on, novel rechargeable batteries with high density and long cycle need to meet the supply comprehensively (Tarascon and Armand, 2001; Armand and Tarascon, 2008; Huang et al, 2020; Hongsen Li et al, 2021; Qiang Li et al, 2021; Zhang et al, 2021). Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are used as the source of hybrid electric vehicles at the earliest stage (Hosaka et al, 2020). The long-term use of lithium has made it expensive and scarce in the earth’s crust (Vaalma et al, 2018). Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium ion batteries (PIBs) have gradually developed into high-quality alternatives to novel rechargeable batteries (Geng et al, 2018; Loaiza et al, 2019; Zhaohui Li et al, 2021). Sodium and potassium ions are abundant and inexpensive, and the lower standard electrode potentials of Na/Na+ and K/K+ can reduce the cutoff potential of the available negative electrode in the absence of metal sodium or potassium deposition (Mao et al, 2018; Liu et al, 2021)

Methods

Results

Conclusion