Abstract
In this paper, the hollow core Bragg fiber (HCBF)-based sensor based on anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW) model is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for simultaneous measurement of curvature and temperature by simply sandwiching a segment of HCBF within two single-mode fibers (SMFs). The special construction of a four-bilayer Bragg structure provides a well-defined periodic interference envelope in the transmission spectrum for sensing external perturbations. Owing to different sensitivities of interference dips, the proposed HCBF-based sensor is capable of dual-parameter detection by monitoring the wavelength shift. The highest curvature sensitivity of the proposed sensor is measured to be 74.4 pm/m−1 in the range of 1.1859–2.9047 m−1 with the adjusted R square value of 0.9804. In the meanwhile, the best sensitivity of temperature sensing was detected to be 16.8 pm/°C with the linearity of 0.997 with temperature range varying from 25 to 55 °C. Furthermore, with the aid of the 2 × 2 matrix, the dual demodulation of curvature and temperature can be carried out to realize the simultaneous measurement of these two parameters. Besides dual-parameter sensing based on wavelength shift, the proposed sensor can also measure temperature-insensitive curvature by demodulating the intensity of resonant dips.
Highlights
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a fiber sensor based on anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW)-hollow core Bragg fiber (HCBF) for simultaneous measurement of curvature and temperature
Compared to the8 amFor temperature sensing, the HCBF-based sensor was located in a furnace, and the plitude variations of resonant dips caused by curvature change, that induced by tempertemperature was setwhich varying from to proposed
The 2 × 2 matrix was adopted to demodulate the cross-sensitivity of temperature and curvature using different sensitivities of resonant dips
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Hu et al (2018) reported a heterostructure cladding solid-core photonic bandgap fiber with a curvature sensing sensitivity of 24.3 nm/m−1 in the range of 0–1.75 m−1 [7]. Curvature cross-sensitivity can severely affect the interference pattern of the output signals and further bring ineluctable errors on curvature measurement Another scheme based on fiber gratings has been carried out, including fiber Bragg grating (FBG) [9], long-period grating (LPG) [10], and tilted fiber Bragg grating [11]. Dual demodulation of curvature and temperature with relatively easy manufacturing as well as large curvature sensing range is vital for fiber-optic curvature sensing with high precision and practicability. We propose and experimentally demonstrate a fiber sensor based on ARROW-hollow core Bragg fiber (HCBF) for simultaneous measurement of curvature and temperature. The proposed inline dual-parameter HCBF-based sensor possesses the advantages of novelty, low cost, and simplicity
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