Abstract
An improved design for hollow core anti-resonant fibers (HAFs) is presented. A split cladding structure is introduced to reduce the fabrication distortion within design tolerance. We use numerical simulations to compare the Kagome fibers (KFs) and the proposed split cladding fibers (SCFs) over two normalized transmission bands. It reveals that SCFs are able to maintain the desired round shape of silica cladding walls, hence improving the confinement loss (CL) compared to the KF and is comparable to that of the nested antiresonant nodeless fiber (NANF) with the same core size. In addition, the SCF allows stacking multiple layers of cladding rings to control the CL. The influences of the number of cladding layers and the cladding gap width on the CL of the SCFs have been studied. SCF with three cladding rings is fabricated by the stack-and-draw technique. A measured attenuation spectrum matches well with the calculation prediction. The measured near field mode patterns also prove the feasibility of our fiber design.
Highlights
Since the first theoretical demonstration in 1995 [1], hollow core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCFs), as a remarkable breakthrough in fiber optics, make it possible to guide light in the air core
It reveals that split cladding fibers (SCFs) are able to maintain the desired round shape of silica cladding walls, improving the confinement loss (CL) compared to the Kagome fibers (KFs) and is comparable to that of the nested antiresonant nodeless fiber (NANF) with the same core size
The influences of the number of cladding layers and the cladding gap width on the CL of the SCFs have been studied
Summary
Since the first theoretical demonstration in 1995 [1], hollow core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCFs), as a remarkable breakthrough in fiber optics, make it possible to guide light in the air core. HC-PCFs have promising application in areas such as high power delivery [3], pulse compression [4], and gas laser systems [5,6].One type of HC-PCFs is hollow core photonics bandgap fibers (HC-PBGFs) whose record loss is 1.2 dB/km at 1.62 μm [7] This HC-PBGF typically has a relatively narrow transmission band [8]. The hypocycloid-core shape was reported to enhance the coupling inhibition between the core and cladding modes It offers measured attenuation with a lowest loss 17 dB/km at around 1 um spectral range by optimizing the core contour [17]. The details of our theoretical investigation and fiber fabrication are represented as below
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