Abstract
This study was organised around the following objectives: Relating the principle of methodological and instrumental pertinence to the characteristics of the object-subject on which research is done within the epistemological framework of a discipline, and Reflecting on the pertinence of qualitative research and historico-ethnographic sources in socio-sanitary sciences (particularly nursing) and human sciences (due to their holism) The theme development was structured through a process of analysis that focused on the three crucial phases in Edgar Morin’s work: the Dialectics between the real and the imaginary (anthropology of death); the anthropocosmological dialectics, and finally, the anthropo-bio-cosmic dialogics. Conclusions: From Morin on, the vision of reality became more multidimensional and holistic, since until well into the 20th century, knowledge had been based on abstraction, subdivision, simplification, reductionism, law generation, etc. Morin wanted to humanise science through a transdisciplinary anthropology in which the experiential dynamics of the human being was considered in a more global way starting from the paradigm of complexity, the qualitative methodology being a pertinent instrument for holistic clarification.
Highlights
The theme development was structured through a process of analysis that focused on the three crucial phases in Edgar Morin’s work: the Dialectics between the real and the imaginary; the anthropocosmological dialectics, and the anthropo-bio-cosmic dialogics
Morin wanted to humanise science through a transdisciplinary anthropology in which the experiential dynamics of the human being was considered in a more global way starting from the paradigm of complexity, the qualitative methodology being a pertinent instrument for holistic clarification
Tal como señala Merleau Ponty;: - ”Yo no soy el resultado o entrecruzamiento de las múltiples causalidades que determinan mi cuerpo o mi psiquismo, no puedo pensarme como una parte del mundo, como un simple objeto de la psicología y de la sociología, ni cerrar sobre mí el universo de la ciencia(...)” (Merleau-Ponty, 1988) En consecuencia la fenomenología de la percepción puede, también, contribuir a una mayor amplitud de la perspectiva con la que se abordan los fenómenos vida-salud-enfermedad-muerte, pero en definitiva, siguiendo a Morin y sus radicales antropológicos (sistema de producción de Marx, psique de Freud, amor del cristianismo, ciencia moderna y poesía surrealista) cuanto más potencial de síntesis contengan los métodos utilizados mayor será la capacidad del investigador para eludir el riesgo de reduccionismo o mutilación del fenómeno investigado
Summary
From Morin on, the vision of reality became more multidimensional and holistic, since until well into the 20th century, knowledge had been based on abstraction, subdivision, simplification, reductionism, law generation, etc. RESUMEN Este estudio se ha orientado partiendo de los siguientes objetivos: Vincular el principio de pertinencia metodológica e instrumental a las características del objeto-sujeto investigado en el marco epistemológico de una disciplina. Reflexionar sobre la pertinencia de la investigación cualitativa y las fuentes histórico-etnográficas en ciencias socio-sanitarias y humanas (particularmente la enfermería) y humanas (debido a su holismo). Conclusiones: A partir de Morin se vislumbra una visión de la realidad más multidimensional y holística, dado que hasta bien entrado el siglo XX, el conocimiento se basaba en abstracción, parcelación, simplificación, reduccionismo, generación de leyes, etc. Morin pretende humanizar la ciencia mediante una antropología transdisciplinar en la Cultura de los Cuidados 69 que la dinámica experiencial del ser humano se contempla de forma más global partiendo del paradigma de la complejidad, constituyendo la metodología cualitativa un instrumento pertinente para la clarificación holística. Palabras clave: Investigación cualitativa, antropología de la educación, antropología de la complejidad, enfermería
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