Abstract
The emerging technology of wireless sensor network (WSN) is expected to provide a broad range of applications, such as battlefield surveillance, environmental monitoring, smart spaces and so on. The coverage problem is a fundamental issue in WSN, which may cause due to low residual energy of nodes or poor installment. But in order to get full coverage of sensing area Coverage problem must be avoided. If the problem is unavoidable the coverage hole must be healed. Current hole healing algorithms uses complicated hole detection strategies like TENT rule. This project seeks to address the problem of hole detection and healing in mobile WSNs by deploying mobile sensors in the network, which is called hybrid sensor network. An enhanced hole detection and healing method (MHEAL) is proposed. MHEAL is a distributed and localized algorithm that operates in two distinct phases. First, is Distributed Hole Detection (DHD) proposed to identify the boundary nodes and discover holes. Second, is hole healing which uses a virtual forces based hole healing approach where only the nodes located at an appropriate distance from the hole and the nodes having maximum energy will be involved in the healing process. Unlike existing algorithms, proposed algorithm uses QURD based node detection and energy efficient Hole healing and thus solves the problem of hole with 100% coverage, minimum node movements and minimum node distance travelled thus giving a cost efficient solution.
Highlights
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is formed from the tiny sensors
In graph 3.1 it can be seen that when 200 nodes are deployed MHEAL makes total 125 Movements while MHEAL does only 47 Movements for 250 nodes HEAL movements are 161 while the Movements of MHEAL remains 47 and increasing the number of nodes will increase the number of nodes Movement in case of HEAL while MHEAL keeps the number of Movement same and less
Kalwaghe) total distance travelled By MHEAL is found to be decreased .For more than 300 deployed nodes the total distance travelled by HEAL keeps on increases while that of MHEAL decreases
Summary
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is formed from the tiny sensors. Today Wireless sensor network is used in every field of applications like battle field, traffic control, in colleges, entry gates etc. An area where a group of sensor nodes stops working and does not take part in data sensing and communication is termed as a hole in the network. WSN needs the regular monitoring of network because of continuous change is possible as the sensors may fail. Most of the existing solutions use global operations to calculate the size of a big hole and relocate a group of mobile sensors to heal the hole. The problem is to design a mechanism for detecting and recovering holes by exploiting only the nodes mobility. Healing of holes needs displacement of nodes which may require huge movement of nodes, leading to energy depletion of sensor network. Ssu [1], proposed a Decentralized Boundary Detection (DBD) algorithm to identify sensor nodes near a hole or obstacle in WSN using topological approach. For dealing with hole which is not Received March 17, 2016; Revised May 28, 2016; Accepted June 16, 2016
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