Abstract
Hoferellus carassii is a common parasite of goldfish Carassius auratus and gibel carp C. auratus gibelio. Early trophozoite stages of H. carassii were found intracellularly, in epithelial cells of renal tubules. Plasmodial stages, however, had a coelozoic way of life, inhabiting the lumen of renal tubules, ureters and preferentially the urinary bladder. Spores were produced mostly in the latter site. No strict seasonality in development was established. In general, early stages were found during summer and autumn months, while spores occurred primarily from autumn to spring. In natural waters H. carassii infection of gibel carp passed without symptoms and only minor degenerations were recorded in kidney and urinary ducts. In goldfish from a pet fishpond, however, hoferellosis induced kidney enlargement disease, severe cystic transformation of tubules, and degeneration of the renal interstitium. Renal damage was caused by trophozoites invading the epithelial cells of renal tubules.
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