Hoeflea siderophila sp. nov., a new neutrophilic iron-oxidizing bacterium

Abstract

A new representative of neutrophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria was isolated from the iron-containing sediments of the brackish low-temperature iron-rich spring of the Staraya Russa Resort (Novgorod region, Russia). The cells of strain Hf1 were thin, slightly curved rods, motile by means of a single polar flagellum. The bacterium reproduced by binary division and was capable of producing rosettes. Optimal growth was observed within the pH range of 6.2–8.5 (with an optimum at 7.5), at 9–38°C (with an optimum at 30°C), and in the salinity range of 0.1–8.5% NaCl (with an optimum at 1%). The organism was a facultative anaerobe. The strain was capable of mixotrophic and organoheterotrophic growth. Fe(II) oxidation occurred under anaerobic conditions via reduction of NO 3 − and N2O, or under microaerobic conditions with oxygen as an electron acceptor. According to phylogenetic analysis based on the comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, the strain was closest to the organotrophic marine bacterium Hoeflea phototrophica (98.5% similarity). The level of DNA-DNA homology with the type species of the genus Hoeflea was 19%. The DNA G + C base content was 57.5 mol %. According to its phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties, as well as to the results of phylogenetic analysis, strain Hf1 was classified into the genus Hoeflea of the family Phyllobacteriaceae, order Rhizobiales of the phylum Alphaproteobacteria as a novel species, Hoeflea siderophila sp. nov. The type strain is Hf1T (=DSM 21587 = VKM A7094). The GenBank accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strain Hf1T is EU670237.