Abstract
Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSN) have recently been proposed as a way to monitor and explore the water depths’ environments. Efficiently delivering the data is still a challenging problem in these networks because of the weaknesses in the acoustic transmission. To tackle such a problem, we propose a novel algorithm provides controlling mechanisms for critical long-term data forwarding underwater sensor networks, called Hop by Hop Power-Efficient Routing Protocol (Hn-PERP). The proposed Hn-PERP is a centralized full-control model that enhances the network’s throughput and energy efficiency by a set of solutions depend on power monitoring in UWSN nodes. In particular, the model provides a guaranteed mechanism for scheduling and processing data transmission based on number of nodes, hops between the nodes, energy level and congestion within each node to minimize energy levels or power consumption by avoiding disconnected probability for any node, which in turn maximizing the network lifetime. Simulation results show that our proposed model is consistent with energy level and congestion, and is more accurate for enabling routing and data transmission. Therefore, the data packet delivery ratio and overall throughput also achieves robust scenarios of very sparse or/and weak networks, to keep on Performance stability in UWSN via adjusting hop-by-hop delay and energy consumption during packages delivery.
Highlights
In recent decades, Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSN) have emerged as an infrastructure framework to explore environments at specific water depths such as gathering relevant data and monitoring of lakes, rivers, seas, and oceans (Ghoreyshi et al, 2016)
EnDOWN Flag: will be 0 if energy level in the node =70% else the flag is 1. 3.3 Hn-PERP Scheduling Algorithm The scheduling algorithm of Hn-PERP is described in Algorithm 1 and in Table 1 provides a practical processing to the hop-by-hop trade-off for the nodes during data transmission between suggested sensor 1 and surface sink A over UWSNs
We evaluate the performance of Hn-PERP using the standard NS2 simulation
Summary
UWSNs have emerged as an infrastructure framework to explore environments at specific water depths such as gathering relevant data and monitoring of lakes, rivers, seas, and oceans (Ghoreyshi et al, 2016). Acoustic signals only propagate well at low-frequency signal carriers, which reduce signal bandwidth and transmission rates, extending communication time, and reducing battery life (Uribe and Grote, 2009) These constraints motivate us to propose techniques to enhance network’s reliability and throughput in UWSNs, which serve as a challenge. We present a Power-Efficient Routing Protocol (i.e., Hn-PERP) over renewable paths to enhancing throughput and minimizing delay for critical issues These issues include congestion and energy level sensors that avoid probabilities of overall performance of downsizing and delay of packet delivery. H2-DAB interests in a prediction of dynamic addressing for managing mobility nodes movement that is resulted from water current in underwater environments In this protocol, the water depth conceptually is sliced into different levels from the top to bottom, and works only for a relatively short period of data loss.
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