Abstract

In susceptible hosts HIV infection initiates a slow progressive degeneration of the immune and central nervous systems. The hallmark of HIV disease is a sustained decline of CD4 T cells which eventually results in seemingly irreversible immunodeficiency, the latest stage of which is recognised as AIDS. Initially, after the primary infection, the vigorous humoral and cellular immune responses mounted by the host seem to keep the virus under control. However, the ensuing low-grade persistent infection leads to a gradual erosion of the host's immunological capacity.

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