Abstract
目的观察人类白细胞抗原(HLA)匹配的无关供者造血干细胞移植(MUD-HSCT)治疗成人急性髓系白血病(AML)的疗效。方法回顾性分析2008年1月至2017年4月接受MUD-HSCT的成人AML病例资料,并以同期同胞全相合供者移植(MSD-HSCT)病例为对照,分析两组患者总生存(OS)率、无病生存(DFS)率、复发率、非复发死亡率(NRM)、植活率及急慢性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD、cGVHD)发生率的差异。结果共247例连续性病例入组,MUD组46例,MSD组201例。除1例MSD组患者早期死亡外,两组患者均获粒细胞植活,但MUD组中位植活时间长于MSD组(15 d对14 d,P=0.017),血小板累积植活率差异无统计学意义(93.5%对98.0%,P=0.128)。两组患者aGVHD、cGVHD累积发生率差异无统计学意义(50.0%对46.3%,P=0.421;37.8%对43.0%,P=0.581)。与MSD组相比,MUD组患者3年累积NRM显著升高(22.0%对10.4%,P=0.049),但累积复发率差异无统计学意义(20.5%对28.3%,P=0.189)。两组患者3年OS率和DFS率差异均无统计学意义(61.6%对63.3%,P=0.867;57.5%对61.6%,P=0.760)。经多因素分析发现,患者年龄≥45岁、移植前第2次完全缓解(CR2)及以上或未缓解状态、有髓外浸润病史及Ⅲ~Ⅳ度aGVHD是影响生存的独立危险因素。结论与MSD-HSCT相比,MUD-HSCT治疗成人AML的NRM较高,粒细胞植活中位时间较长,但GVHD发生率、复发率、OS率及DFS率并无显著差异,是缺乏MSD的成人AML患者的理想替代移植方案。
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