Abstract
In this paper, we analyzed multispectral data collected by the Chinese HJ-1 satellite of the sea area in the Gulf of Mexico affected by the 2010 oil spill accident. We discussed various types of oil spill pollution, the oil-water mixtures of different concentrations that constitute the main pollution types in this accident, and their spectral response characteristics. Because different oil-water mixtures can change the backscattering character- istics and spectral reflectance of seawater, multispectral data can be effectively used to identify and characterize this type of marine oil pollution. Based on the analysis of spectral response characteristics of different targets, a decision tree classification method was used to extract the characteristics of oil-water mixtures from Gulf of Mexico data. Extraction accuracy was further improved by successfully excluding cloud interference. Our results showed that HJ-1 satellite multispectral data could be instrumental in monitoring marine oil spill pollution, but ought to be reinforced by further studies on the quantified remote sensing of different types of oil spill.
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