HIV/AIDS Patients’ Survival Rate between One Co-infection and More Than One Opportunistic Co-infection at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan in 2015-2017

Abstract

Background: AIDS is a collection of disease symptoms caused by HIV that damages the human immune system. Decreased immunity causes the patient to be very susceptible to various, often fatal, infectious diseases (opportunistic infections). Aim: To determine the difference in HIV/AIDS patients' survival rate between one co-infection and more than one opportunistic co-infection at Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2015-2017. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort analytic study using secondary data from medical records of HIV patients from January 2015-December 2017. The samples were 34 HIV/AIDS patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, selected by consecutive technique sampling. Descriptive statistical analysis was used for demographic data. Kaplan Meier's statistical analysis was used for endurance or survival tests. The difference was considered statistically significant if p<0.05. Results: The most opportunistic infections found were diarrhea in 265 subjects (55.67%), followed by toxoplasmosis in 159 subjects (33.40%), oral candidiasis 141 subjects (29.62%), CMV 78 subjects (16.39%), pneumonia 63 subjects (13.24%), sepsis 62 subjects (13.03%), PCP 45 subjects (9.45%), hepatitis B 38 subjects (7.98%), chlamydia 24 subjects (5.04%), hepatitis C 14 subjects (2, 94%), Herpes zoster 11 subjects (2.31%), lymphadenopathy 4 subjects (0.84%), and the least common were NHL 1 subject (0.21%) and Penicilosis 1 subject (0.21%). Conclusion: The HIV patients’ survival rates are different based on the number of opportunistic infections. According to the order, the most common opportunistic infections were diarrhea, toxoplasmosis, and oral candidiasis. Keywords: HIV/AIDS, opportunistic infections, oral candidiasis, toxoplasmosis, diarrhea.