Abstract
BackgroundWhile most studies on HIV/AIDS often identify stigmatization and patients’ unwillingness to access health care as critical problems in the control of the pandemic, very few studies have focused on the possible consequences of accessing health care by sero-positives. This paper examines the socio-psychological trauma patients experience in their desire to access health care in two health facilities in the Ashanti Region of Ghana.MethodsThrough participant observation, informal conversation and in-depth interviews, data were collected from health workers and clients of the voluntary counselling (VCT) and antiretroviral therapy units in the two hospitals.The data gathered were analysed and categorized into themes and supported with illustrative quotes obtained from health workers and clients.ResultsThe study found that the mere presence of a person at the HIV counselling centre or clinic is enough for the person to be labelled as or suspected to be HIV patient. It demonstrates that stigmatization may occur not only in the community but also overtly or covertly, in the health facility itself. Consequently, for many HIV/AIDS patients, access to antiretroviral therapy and treatment of related nosocomial infections are problematic. Besides, the study found that many clients and potential users of services were uncomfortable with the quality of care given by some health workers, especially as they overtly and covertly breached confidentiality about their clients’ health status. This has compelled many patients and potential users of the services to adopt a modus vivendi that provides them access to some care services while protecting their identity.ConclusionThe paper argues that by examining issues relating to privacy and confidentiality in the provision of care for and use of services by seropositives, more light will be shed on the whys of the limited uptake of HIV-related health care services in Ghana.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12910-016-0123-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
While most studies on HIV/AIDS often identify stigmatization and patients’ unwillingness to access health care as critical problems in the control of the pandemic, very few studies have focused on the possible consequences of accessing health care by sero-positives
Confidentiality Counselling is the first step in the uptake of HIV/AIDSrelated health care services
According to IEA/United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) [7], counselling is “a dialogue between a client and a counsellor which aims at enabling the client to cope with stress and take personal decisions related to HIV/ AIDS”
Summary
While most studies on HIV/AIDS often identify stigmatization and patients’ unwillingness to access health care as critical problems in the control of the pandemic, very few studies have focused on the possible consequences of accessing health care by sero-positives. In making the decision to access HIV counselling, testing and treatment services, clients are often concerned about the possibility of a breach of their status and the negative repercussions or risks that may follow. According to Mbonu et al [4], in sub-Saharan African countries, including Ghana, the fear of stigma and its repercussions negatively affect potential clients seeking HIV testing, diagnosis and treatment. This situation is of grave concern to stakeholders in the campaign to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS
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