HIV-1 drug resistance in antiretroviral-naive patients in sub-Saharan Africa

Abstract

We read with interest the Correspondence by Anthony Amoroso and colleagues1 on high HIV-1 drug resistance in Uganda.2 We recognise their alternative interpretation of our study findings, that besides long community exposure to antiretroviral drugs, poor adherence rates, suboptimum patient retention in care, treatment interruptions, and resultant poor viral suppression outcomes during the antiretroviral therapy scale-up could have exacerbated the development of drug resistance at the community level.