Abstract
Prior to the COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020, cruise tourism was often hailed as the fastestgrowing sector within the tourism industry . The Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA), representing 55 cruise lines and 95% of the global cruise capacity, predicted that 32 million passengers would take a cruise in 2020 . With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, lockdowns and global travel restrictions brought the travel industry to a standstill, meaning also that the phenomenal growth of the cruise industry has abruptly ground to a halt. Prior to the halt of cruises, the industry had come under fire for a plethora of negative impacts on the environment, host communities, and their own workforce . In particular, many observers attributed the phenomenon of overtourism, for example, in Barcelona and Venice, at least in part to the cruise lines . While in the spotlight of the media, these popular cities were not the only places that experienced a heavy burden on the local communities...
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