History of Formation and Development of Legal Regulation of the National Payment System of the Russian Federation

Abstract

The paper examines the history of the formation and development of legal regulation of the national payment system. The author highlights that, despite the fact that the concept of the national payment system at the legislative level has been consolidated quite recently, it began to form long before the relevant law was passed. The development of the national payment system is mediated by the formation of a system of financial institutions responsible for payments (settlement (clearing) chambers, credit institutions, etc.), the evolution of payment forms, as well as the introduction of technologies capable of processing mass payments. It is noted that the rapid economic growth characteristic of the beginning of the 20th century resulted in the appearance of the first forms of relatively mass non-cash payments during the pre-revolutionary period, which was also facilitated by the development of bank offices and the emergence of telegraphic communications. In the early years of the Soviet government, the payment infrastructure was nationalized, which became an important factor in strengthening the administrative and command economy. The modern period of development of the legal regulation of the national payment system is characterized by the adoption of the fundamental law regulating the relevant sphere of public relations, as well as the presence of an extensive system of subordinate regulatory legal acts, differentiation of approaches to legal regulation of various payment systems, taking into account the best foreign practices in this area, an effective system of supervision and supervision of the participants of the national payment system.