Abstract
In 1991/92, the University of Beira Interior (UBI) established Portugal's first permanent and official civilian Aeronautics program, a 5-year Licenciatura Degree in Aeronautics Engineering. In addition, a Doctorate Degree in Aeronautics Engineering was established in 1993/94, and a Master's Degree in Aerospace Systems Engineering in 1999/2000. By 2007/08, a European intergovernmental reform (Bologna Process) was implemented to achieve the European Higher Education Area to allow students, graduates, and specialized staff working in higher education to benefit from mobility and equal access to high-quality higher education without obstacles. The essential bases are mutual recognition of degrees, transparency (readable and comparable degrees organized in a 3-Cycle structure), and European quality assurance cooperation, emphasizing competency development over knowledge transmission. The degree system was made official in Portugal by Decree-Law nº. 74/2006. According to the expressed perspective, the reformulation of Aeronautical Engineering Studies at UBI followed the adoption of formal structures, corresponding to 6 Semesters for Licenciatura (180 ECTS = 1st Cycle); 4 Semesters for Master's (120 ECTS = 2nd Cycle), and 6 Semesters for Doctorate (180 ECTS = 3rd Cycle). After its implementation, the requirements to accomplish the reformulation created significant national difficulties leading to successive adaptations exposed in six amendments to Decree-Law nº. 74/2006. A Master's and Doctorate Degree in Portugal legally requires the support of an R&D Unit with a minimum classification of Very Good or Excellent in an evaluation process carried out by foreign experts, with concepts and procedures recognized by the international scientific community. The Aeronautics and Astronautics Research Center (AEROG) is a member of the Associated Laboratory for Energy, Transport, and Aeronautics (LAETA). LAETA received an Excellent Overall Quality Grade from the International Evaluation Panel.
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