Abstract
Rabies continues to be one of the most deadly infectious diseases known to human race since antiquity, with a case fatality rate almost 100 per cent after the onset of clinical disease. The disease still has a significant impact on human and animal living all over the globe. It is found on all continents where terrestrial animals exist, with the bulk of animal and human cases documented in resource-constrained African and Asian countries, where thousands of human deaths are being recorded annually. The disease produces one of the most agonising deaths in humans and it is likely that the global statistic of roughly 59,000 human rabies fatalities per year is an underestimate. Scientific innovations that led to the successful development of several vaccines and immunisation policies in identified ‘at risk’human and animal populationshave gained a great reputation in minimising the impact of disease across wide portions of the globe.Vaccines continue to be the most significant triumphs of the combined global efforts of the public and animal health communities and has achieved significant strides in the treatment, prevention, and control of disease. This paper describes the history, evolution, and accomplishments of human ingenuity, scientific endeavour, and the joint global efforts of the public and animal health communities that resulted in evolving an effective prevention and control strategies.
Highlights
Rabies continues to be one of the most deadly infectious diseases known to human race since antiquity, with a case fatality rate almost 100 per cent after the onset of clinical disease
As a result of this, Sir David Semple developed a newer nerve tissue vaccines (NTV) at Central Research Institute (CRI), Kasauli, India from adult sheep (Semple vaccine). It was made by propagating rabies virus(RABV) in adult sheep brain, followed by phenolic inactivation. It was widely used in numerous nations despite numerous drawbacks, including low efficacy, the necessity for multiple dosages, and severe side effects, including Guillain–Barre Syndrome (GBS) and the danger of transmitting Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSE) owing to the presence of myelin, it was widely used by many nations.Because of these disadvantages, the WHO has consistently discouraged its use, leading to its eventual abolition in almost all countries
Amidst the most agonising death posed by the rabies virus and the pioneering works that formed the cornerstone of successful vaccine development, rabies still remains a neglected tropical zoonosis that kills about 60,000 people annually.It is of no doubt that vaccination remains the holy grail for the therapeutic management and prophylaxis of rabies and is the most effective public health intervention strategy
Summary
Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences ISSN (Print): 0971-0701, (Online): 2582-0605 https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2021.52.3.211-221 K. Vijayakumar1 and Krupa Rose Jose2 Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur-680651, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Kerala, India. Citation: Vijayakumar, K. and Jose, K.R. 2021. History, evolution and newer perspectives of rabies vaccines. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 52(3): 211-221. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2021.52.3.211-221
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
