Abstract
Archeological studies have found that pyrolysis liquids were already used in the time of the Neanderthal. Wood vinegar and other slow pyrolysis liquids are produced as a by-product of charcoal production. However, future business ideas may be the other way round as pyrolysis liquids may replace synthetic chemicals in the form of pesticides and biocides. Directives and regulations related to the sustainable use of pesticides govern and direct plant protection strategies towards a lower use of synthetic chemicals. It is hoped that many mega trends of global policies will boost the use of plant based products given that a reduced reliance on fossil fuel is a general target in the global food and feed production economy. Pyrolysis technology has been actively studied and developed around the world and is linked to the development of the knowledge based bio-economy. The importance and social impact of pyrolysis technologies will also be enhanced because it is a practicable technique in the sustainable use of wastes and biomasses. However, very little scientific evidence is available to support efficacy claims of wood vinegar and toxicology assessments of the products used. Wood tar has been investigated a bit more thoroughly. The aim of this review was to clarify the potential of slow pyrolysis liquids in agricultural use, in particular, in pesticide applications. In addition, some of the main challenges in developing novel bio control technologies are discussed and the barriers in the commercialization of biological control agents are revealed.
Highlights
Changing pesticide policies and integrated pest management programs (IPM) aim to reduce pesticide risks on the environment and human health
At the same time of increasing European environmental concern, the development of the Knowledge Based Bio-Economy (KBBE) concept clearly highlights that products of plant cells could replace
The word ancient, related to the use of wood vinegar, has been mentioned in many documents and on web pages it was difficult to find good scientific evidence to attest the first records of wood vinegar used as pesticide
Summary
Changing pesticide policies and integrated pest management programs (IPM) aim to reduce pesticide risks on the environment and human health. [13] gives an overview of wood vinegar used as a biocide and pesticide in agriculture, including plant production and protection as well as its role in animal husbandry. In the literature the terms of various pyrolysis liquids has been used vaguely and the international CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) numbers do not give standard basis for differentiating wood vinegar or tar oils made of wood or other plant material. This kind of obscurity makes it difficult to compare results published by different authors
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