Abstract
The discovery by the Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe used in distribution systems could leach the vinyl chloride monomer and contaminate the drinking water delivered to customers was largely accidental. Doniphan County, Kansas Rural Water District No. 5 (hereafter referred to as Doniphan # 5), like many rural water districts, was formed in the late 1960s when the United States Department of Agriculture Farmers Home Administration (FHA) financed regional water systems to connect small public drinking water supplies and private wells into a more regional system to serve rural America. In addition to providing drinking water to more than 1,400 people, Doniphan No. 5 sells water to a smaller water district, Doniphan County Rural Water District # 2 in northeast Kansas. Doniphan # 5 had been testing for VOCs since 1985. These samples are taken, as required by the regulations, at entry points to the distribution system. These entry points in rural water systems are wells, clusters of wells, water imported from another supply or from a treatment plant. There were no detects in the official VOC testing done under state and EPA regulations for Doniphan # 5.
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