Abstract
History of the emergence, establishment and development of Haken's synergetics is thoroughly considered. Synergetics as a quite young view of the world has originated due to the necessity of finding adequate, reasonable, calculated and forecasted by science answers to global challenges that civilizational human development makes. Synergetics is a general theory of self-organization. It formulates the general principles of self-organization, which are true for all levels of matter. A peculiarity of synergetic approach is the transition from research of simple systems to the complex ones, from open to closed ones, from linear to nonlinear ones, from the study of equilibrium and process near the equilibrium to the delocalization and instability, to the investigation of things, which are happening far from equilibrium. The contribution of the science schools and H. Haken to the establishment of synergetics is revealed. This article mentions the perspectives of development of Haken's synergetics, nonlinear dynamics as the methodology of solution to the problems, which the economy and the whole society face. Nonlinear dynamics offers the basic models, new terms and methods, which can or cannot be used in such situation. They can become the framework for building the new nonlinear cognitive paradigm or they can stay the separate discoveries in different disciplines. Synergetics is formed as an interdisciplinary scientific approach, which develops the methods of investigation of open systems' behavior and the complex behavior of their components. The perspectives of the use of synergetics in science research are represented. Some systems in physics, chemistry and biology provide the simplest examples of self-organization. Modern areas of research within the framework of synergetics and nonlinear dynamics are considered. The results formed a strong basis for the further research in the field of economic science regarding synergetics. Synergetics is a powerful mathematical tool to analyze and solve modern nonlinear economic phenomena, which form the synergetic system and can't be described by classic economic-mathematical methods. Synergetics is one of effective approaches to general problems of the description of complexity, characteristic of phenomena of self-organization.
Highlights
The obvious fact nowadays is the limitation of cognitive models, their incompleteness, inadequacy and non-applicability to many problems that need to be solved
Synergetic approach to the research of economic processes causes the development of effective models of economy's way out of crisis, which makes it possible to search for the universal principles of self-organization and evolution of complex economic systems (Osipov, 2001)
The scientists manage to describe and understand it at the primary level and all that gives at least minimal overview. Why do these quite simple and primitive models work? In our opinion, self-organization can be the answer to this question, which nonlinear science offers us
Summary
The obvious fact nowadays is the limitation of cognitive models, their incompleteness, inadequacy and non-applicability to many problems that need to be solved. Society's world of view is changing, broadening and people need the new opportunities to have impact on their own fate. They solve various problems so they need new methods to address the arising issues. With regard to representatives of the natural sciences and mathematical modelling, a lot of them have to deal with a wide range of issues, starting with problems of strategic stability of the projects of economic reforms and ending with the specific physical processes or technical constructions. Euphoria about the opportunities of the modern computers, computing experiment gave way to the understanding of the limitation of possibility to get an answer off of their capabilities to ask fundamental questions and to form them so that the computer understands
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