Abstract
Abstract An objective analysis of monthly ocean subsurface temperatures from 1950 to 1998 is carried out. The analysis scheme and the results with estimated analysis errors are presented. The analysis domain is global with a horizontal grid of 1° × 1° and 14 vertical levels in the upper 500 m. Subsurface temperature observations used in the objective analysis are archived by the National Ocean Data Center of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, together with those collected through the global telecommunication system and domestic communication lines in Japan. All the observations are preprocessed by quality control and data selection procedures developed in this study. Together with these observations, three-dimensional fields of the upper-ocean temperature are optimally estimated using a variational technique. To ensure smooth and continuous vertical temperature profiles, a constraint term is introduced to the cost function that is minimized in the analysis. In addition, the analysis sche...
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