Historical Evolution and Spatial Development of Tourism in Cuba, 1919–2017: What is Next?

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe main objective of the article is to analyze the historical evolution and spatial development of tourism in Cuba, from its beginnings in 1919 to present day (2017). The potential of Cuba as an international destination is considered with a focus on examining various factors leading to changes in types of tourism development and tourist markets over time. In this evaluation, it is clear that the socio-economic and political history of Cuba has been intricately linked with the development of tourism. Specifically, policy, regulations, and government organization leadership are investigated for their influence on tourism development. Additionally, this paper identifies four important events that are significantly transforming the current landscape of tourism in Cuba, including the lift on domestic travel restrictions, increased emphasis on self-employment and private sector tourism enterprises, evolving diplomatic relations with the US, and opportunities for foreign investment in the tourism sector. Scenarios for future development are considered in light of these events whose effects on Cubans and Cuban tourism are still not fully known.