Abstract
A series of studies focused on the characterization of an elm stand located at Rivas-Vaciamadrid (Comunidad de Madrid, Central Spain) are presented, revised and discussed. Since 2000, the elm stand history, its health, taxonomy, dendrochronology, and the reproductive and genetic characteristics of the elms have been analysed. The elm stand could have a partially anthropic origin, as indicated by the coexistence of Ulmus minor s.l. of Iberian origin with Ulmus minor var. vulgaris of Italian origin. The presence of cosexual and functionally-male trees indicates the existence of a gender differentiation. Functionally-male trees are numerically more frequent, but they have less genetic variability than the cosexual trees. A low but progressive decline during the second half of 20th century has been observed, probably as a consequence of Dutch elm disease. In order to help towards the elm stand conservation, some actions are proposed.
Highlights
El olmo campestre (Ulmus minor Mill.) constituye un elemento fundamental de los bosques ribereños de la Europa mediterránea
A series of studies focused on the characterization of an elm stand located at Rivas-Vaciamadrid (Comunidad de minor en Rivas-Vaciamadrid (Madrid), Central Spain) are presented, revised and discussed
The presence of cosexual and functionally-male trees indicates the existence of a gender differentiation
Summary
La olmeda se sitúa en una estación riparia potencialmente apta para la existencia de rodales naturales de olmo. Si tenemos en cuenta que se mencionan las especies álamo blanco y chopo conjuntamente, es muy probable la existencia olmos en ese lugar y, por tanto, en zonas próximas a Casa Eulogio. La cartografía antigua del Instituto Geográfico Nacional (1875) describe la zona hoy ocupada por la olmeda como «tierra de secano» dedicada a «monte bajo», al igual que los sotos cercanos a orillas del Manzanares (Fig. 3). Con el fin de determinar la edad de los pies de la olmeda, y sus pautas de crecimiento, en el año 2002 se realizó un estudio dendrocronológico para el que se recogieron y analizaron testigos cilíndricos radiales de madera, extraídos mediante barrena de Pressler, en 17 ejemplares seleccionados de manera uniforme y aleatoria dentro de la masa (Martín y Gil, 2003). Crecimiento medio 30 últimos anillos (mm/año) 2 2,5 2,9 3 4,3 5 2,9 3,6 3,8 3,9 4 5 5,2 5,4 6,8 7,2 8,5
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