Abstract
Floating roofs are the most effective means of reducing the loss of oil and oil products from evaporation. Floating roofs can be installed in tanks both with fixed roofs and without them. The design of internal floating roofs - pontoons - constructed in our country and abroad is considered. The stages of pontoon design develop- ment are presented depending on the materials used and the pontoon constructions used today. The first pontoon was built by I. Wiggins in 1927 in the USA in the form of a metal disk with a vertical board along the perimeter. In 1946, the pontoon of the closed hermetic design was applied. The pontoon was a double hollow structure in the form of a float. In 1956-1958 the pon- toons began to be built and tested in our country. The pontoon was in a form of bottom, made of sheet steel, along the perimeter of which two closed circular ribs were welded. In the world practice, in conditions of steel products deficit in the early 1960s, pontoons made of polymer materials were used to reduce oil products losses from tanks, but due to loss of working efficiency and floatage during operation, the use of such pontoons is currently limited. Aluminum alloys floating roofs of the float type of demountable struc- ture were widely used. Aluminum pontoons showed good operational reliability. Alternatively, full-contact stainless steel pontoons are currently available.
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