Abstract
The role of women in history has been highlighted and questioned from the perspective of feminist movements. The objective of the study was to investigate and scrutinize the past for women in the history of Chilean psychology, to reinstall them—and their experiences—in the historical discourse and collective memory. Using practical and theoretical criteria, 3 women who served in the psychological field in Chile in the second half of the last century were selected: Lola Hoffmann, Heliette Saint Jean and Vera Kardonsky. Secondary sources and 11 interviews with their colleagues and relatives were employed to produce narratives in the style of life stories. The historiographical narratives of these 3 pioneers illustrate their experiences and the mechanisms of exclusion and forms of discrimination of women in civil society and professional space. The article identifies some of their strengths and individual development and resistance strategies, re-thinking the past that gives the authors of memory and is undeniably alive in their present and their own experiences as women psychologists.
Highlights
El rol de las mujeres en la historia ha sido relevado y cuestionado a partir de los movimientos feministas
Using practical and theoretical criteria, 3 women who served in the psychological field in Chile in the second half of the last century were selected: Lola Hoffmann, Héliettè Saint Jean and Vera Kardonsky
The article identifies some of their strengths and individual development and resistance strategies, re-thinking the past that gives the authors of memory and is undeniably alive in their present and their own experiences as women psychologists
Summary
El rol de las mujeres en la historia ha sido relevado y cuestionado a partir de los movimientos feministas. A partir de este marco de referencia y en respuesta a la constatación de la escasa presencia de las experiencias de mujeres en la reconstrucción histórica del devenir de la psicología en Chile, optamos por visibilizar a tres chilenas que participaron activa y comprometidamente en el desarrollo de la disciplina en el siglo XX. E intencionadamente, buscamos una mujer que no apareciese mencionada en los textos disponibles de historia de la psicología en Chile y fuera nombrada por nuestros informantes como destacada en la disciplina, eligiendo a Vera Kardonsky, con el objetivo secundario de inscribir en nuestra memoria a una “desconocida”, que representara a tantas otras que permanecen en el olvido. Como complemento y basadas en el criterio de máxima variabilidad, elegimos a Lola Hoffmann, psiquiatra que se desempeñó como psicoterapeuta en el mismo período profesional de Saint Jean y Kardonsky y respecto de la cual existen algunas publicaciones de su vida y obra
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