Histopathology of gastrointestinal tract malignancies: A two year retrospective study

Meerashantaram Mahajan,Neha Amrut Mahajan,Shrinivas Shankarrao Kale,Chandra Shekhar Prabhakar Bhale

doi:10.21276/apalm.1246

Abstract

Background: Incidence of gastrointestinal malignancies is gradually increasing. The aim of the study is to determine age, sex and relative frequencies of various. Methods: Gastrointestinal malignancies diagnosed between January 2014 to December 2015 in MGM Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad. In this descriptive retrospective study, total of 180 cases of gastrointestinal malignancies were diagnosed in our institution. Demographic and histopathological data were retrieved from the case files and histopath request forms. The slides were microscopically reviewed to confirm the diagnosis. Result: The mean age of the patients was 56 years (SD =13). Peak incidence was in between 40-60years. Male to female ratio of 1.5:1 was recorded. The common GI malignancies were esophageal(50.8%) followed by large intestine (50%).Other anatomic sites affected are stomach(36.6%), perianal region(9.1%) and small intestine(3.3%).Microscopically, adenocarcinoma was the commonest malignancy(67%)followed by squamous cell carcinoma(28%). Conclusion : Gastrointestinal tract malignancies are one of most common cancers in our country. . The incidence has been increasing due to life style changes and these cancers are usually diagnosed late when the disease has already invaded the lamina propria and musculature, because in early stages, the patient usually complains of trivial and nonspecific symptoms. Hence a new look to epidemiological studies in gastric cancer is necessary along with necessary focus on lifestyle modification. DOI: 10.21276/APALM.1246

Highlights

The gastrointestinal system has been reported the second common site for the non cutaneous cancer and second reason of the mortality resulted from cancer.[1]
The pattern and distribution of gastrointestinal malignancies differ in different geographical areas, carcinoma esophagus being most frequent in Iran, carcinoma stomach in eastern Asian countries and colorectal carcinomas in developed world.[2]
Adenocarcinoma was main type comprising 67% followed by squamous cell carcinoma which makes up 28% of all malignancies.Other histological variants found in our study were round cell tumor 2%,Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) 2% and adenosquamous carcinoma 1% as shown in figure 2 and 3

Summary

Introduction

The gastrointestinal system has been reported the second common site for the non cutaneous cancer and second reason of the mortality resulted from cancer.[1] The pattern and distribution of gastrointestinal malignancies differ in different geographical areas, carcinoma esophagus being most frequent in Iran, carcinoma stomach in eastern Asian countries and colorectal carcinomas in developed world.[2] The geographic difference depends on the food, environment and genetic predisposition. People having low fiber intake in diet have high incidence of colorectal carcinomas whereas those consuming hot beverages have high incidence of esophagus carcinoma. Young people have less GI neoplasms as the dose and time of exposure of carcinogenic agent is less.[3]This study is aimed at determining age, sex and relative frequencies of various gastrointestinal biopsies in MGM Medical College and hospital, Aurangabad. The aim of the study is to determine age, sex and relative frequencies of various malignancies

Objectives

Methods

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Discussion

Conclusion