Histopathological trabecular meshwork remodeling after cataract surgery detected with an advanced image analyzer

Abstract

To compare the histopathological morphometry of the trabecular meshwork and ciliary processes in pseudophakic eyes and phakic eyes using advanced image analyzer technology. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Retrospective case series. Thirty-five pseudophakic eyes and 25 phakic eyes were sectioned and converted into digital slides. The total trabecular meshwork area and the ciliary body stroma were demarcated. The area of the trabecular meshwork, cellular and noncellular trabecular meshwork compartments, trabecular space, distance from scleral spur to inner uveal trabecular portion, and degree of fibrosis of the ciliary processes were evaluated. The trabecular meshwork area was larger in the pseudophakic group than the phakic group (P=.03). Furthermore, a trend of larger trabecular space recorded was seen in the pseudophakic group than the phakic group (P=.14). No differences in the proportion of cellular (P=.88) and noncellular trabecular meshwork compartments (P=.4) were seen between groups. The scleral spur to inner uveal trabecular portion distance was longer in the pseudophakic group than the phakic group (P=.008) and correlate with the trabecular meshwork area (P=.0001, r=0.56). In the ciliary processes, a higher degree of fibrosis was measured in the pseudophakic group than the phakic group (P=.02). There were significant histopathological changes in the trabecular meshwork and higher fibrosis in the ciliary processes in pseudophakic eyes compared with phakic eyes. These findings support the hypothesis that trabecular meshwork remodeling after cataract surgery is involved in lowering intraocular pressure.