Histopathological study of vertebral and paravertebral Lesions at a tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Aim & Objectives: The aim is to study the various histopathological lesions involving vertebrae and para vertebral region and also diagnose number of malignancies involving vertebral regions along with radiological correlation. Methodology: It was a cross sectional study and conducted at the Department of Pathology, Katuri Medical College from during the year 2017 to 2019. Results: Among 200 cases, 64 cases constitute the non-neoplastic lesions. In the present study, Majority of the lesions affected the lumbar vertebrae (48.5%), followed by thoracic (38%), cervical (7.5%), sacral vertebrae (3%) and paravertebral region (3.0%). In the present study there are 75 cases of neoplastic lesions that involved the vertebrae. Out of these 28 (14%) cases are benign neoplastic lesions and 47 (23.5%) are malignant neoplasms. The common benign lesion noted was schwannoma in 12 (41.3%) cases, 11 (37.9%) cases of menigiomas, 03(10.3%) cases of hemangiomas 01(2.4%) case of neurofibroma, 01 (3.4%) case of ganglioneuroma. Of the 15 primary malignant lesions, radiological diagnosis of malignancy was made in 10 cases and in the remaining 5 cases an opinion of suspicious malignancy was given. On histopathological examination these 5 cases also turned out to be the seat of primary malignancy.Conclusion: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of radio logically suspected vertebral and paravertebral disc lesions in patients with a history of a known malignancy is useful to confirm the presence of metastases. Thorough assessment of the specimen adequacy, and correlating with the clinical and radiologic findings, a definitive diagnosis can be made in most cases.