Histopathological study of lesions in nasal cavity and nasopharynx in a tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Background: Lesions of nasal cavity are quite common. It can be neoplastic and non-neoplastic. Diseases of the nasal cavity include viral, bacterial and fungal infections, nasal cavity tumors as well as inflammations of the nasal mucosa. The main aim of this study was to study spectrum of histopathological lesions of nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This present descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted on 226 specimens of nose obtained from ENT department. After fixation, processing and H & E staining, histopathological diagnosis was made. Results: Maximum specimens were obtained from age group 21-30 years (90), followed by 31-40 years (56), 11-20 years (48), 41-50 years (26) and >50 years (6). The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Non-neoplastic nasal lesions were 164 which comprised of polyps (132), mucormycosis (28), rhinophyma (4). Out of 32 neoplastic (benign) nasal lesions, inverted papilloma was seen in 16, hemangioma in 6, angiofibroma in 4, ossifying fibroma in 4. Out of 16 neoplastic (borderline) nasal lesions, 16 were hemangiopericytoma. Out of 16 neoplastic (malignant) nasal lesions, SCC was seen in 8 and BCC in 6. Conclusion: Lesions of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are of paramount importance because of high mortality and morbidity. Common nasal lesions were seen in age group 21-30 years and maximum lesions were non- neoplastic (benign) nasal lesions and neoplastic (benign) nasal lesions.