Histopathological Study of Kidney and Meat of Bungo Fish (Glossogobius sp) contaminated by Lead Metal (Pb) in Lake Tempe, Wajo Regency

Abstract

Bungo fish (Glossogobius sp) is one of the freshwater aquatic fish that is in great demand by the community and is endemic in Lake Tempe and is in the Wallacea region. The purpose of this study was to determine the histopathological study of the kidneys and meat in bungos exposed to heavy lead metals (Pb). The samples used were nine bungo fish with nine kidney and nine meat samples each. Measurement of heavy metal content was carried out with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry and obtained the lowest metal concentration of 6.52 ppm, moderate 42.02 and the highest 435.30 ppm in the kidney and in meat, the lowest 0.07 ppm, medium 1.56 ppm, and the highest 4.73 ppm. Organ preparations were analyzed using histotechnique methods and they were analized with descriptive qualitative. Based on observations obtained by damage or histopathology that occurs in the kidneys which shows inflammation of the glomerulus, hemorrhage, formation of connective tissue, vacuoles, necrosis, changes in the number of melanomacrophages and also damage to the tubules, whereas damage to the meat does not occur. The level of damage to the tissue depends on the concentration of the metal contaminated in the fish’s organs. Damages that occur are thought to be caused by exposure to heavy metals dissolved in the waters of the fish ecosystem, which have passed the threshold.