Abstract
Hepatoid gland neoplasms arise due to disorganized and uncontrolled proliferation of cells of hepatoid glands. These are the modified sebaceous glands located mainly in the perianal area. Gross and histological findings of canine hepatoid gland tumours were evaluated. Dogs of different breed, age and sex that were presented to Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy formed the materials for the present study. Grossly, tumours were solitary or multiple irregular shaped intradermal masses. The excisional biopsy samples were collected in 10 per cent neutral buffered formalin after surgical removal of tumour mass. Histopathologically, the masses were encircled by fibrovascular capsule which extended to the parenchyma as tumour stroma, which separated it into lobules. Two cases of hepatoid gland adenoma one case of hepatoid gland epithelioma and two cases of carcinoma were recognised on histopathological examination. Hepatoid adenoma were characterised by proliferation of hepatocyte like hepatoid gland epithelial cells with extensive sebaceous differentiation and were arranged in cords and anastomosing trabeculae. In hepatoid gland epithelioma, many of the cells were basaloid reserve cells with fewer hepatocyte like cells. Histopathological examination of carcinoma revealed irregular arrangement of the hepatoid cells which showed varying degrees of maturation and marked nuclear pleomorphism. The malignant hepatoid cells had abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and large nuclei with several prominent nucleoli and mitotic figures.
Highlights
Hepatoid gland neoplasms arise due to disorganized and uncontrolled proliferation of cells of hepatoid glands
Neoplasms of perianal glands are most common in male dogs. These non-secretory sebaceous glands are located in the areas of anal orifice, prepuce, tail, hind leg and trunk. This tumour is known as hepatoid gland tumours due to morphological appearance of cells resembling that of hepatocytes
Clinical history of dogs diagnosed with hepatoid tumour was loss of appetite, polyuria, difficulty in defecation, hair loss, severe itching, haemorrhages and ulcers on the perianal region
Summary
Hepatoid gland neoplasms arise due to disorganized and uncontrolled proliferation of cells of hepatoid glands. This tumour is known as hepatoid gland tumours due to morphological appearance of cells resembling that of hepatocytes. It is reported that Terriers, Mongrels, Cocker Spaniels and Rottweilers are more predisposed to hepatoid gland tumours (Yumusak et al, 2016). The present study was aimed to study the occurrence, and gross and histological findings of canine hepatoid gland tumours. We have attempted to make a comparative assessment of histomorphological features of canine hepatoid gland tumours.
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