Histopathological spectrum of ovarian cyst in our rural area

Abstract

Introduction: Ovarian cysts and tumors are the major health problem in women. Ovarian Cysts are the most prevalent pelvic mass and often associated with function disorders of menstruation which are mostly improved spontaneously. In some cases which are the result of cyst rupture, torsion or bleeding in to the cyst, laparotomy may be needed. Aim: The aim of this study is to highlight the histopathological study of ovarian cysts in rural area. Materials and Methods: Hematoxylin and eosin stained slides of ovarian biopsies for 4 years were archived, scrutinized, and studied. Request forms were analyzed for clinical biodata and diagnosis, and data were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Results: Total number of 197 ovarian biopsies were reviewed. Out of which, 149 (75.6%) of nonneoplastic (functional cysts) lesions, 37 (18.7%) benign neoplastic lesions and 11 (5.5%) malignant tumors. Corpus luteal cyst was the most commonly encountered ovarian functional cyst constituting 63 cases (42.2%). This was followed by follicular cyst 42 cases (28.1%). The peaks age incidence for non-neoplastic is 3rd decade. Conclusion: Functional ovarian cysts were the most commonly encountered ovarian lesions in our rural area. The most common variety of functional cyst was corpus luteal cyst and follicular cyst with majority occurring in the reproductive age groups. Keywords: Ovarian lesions, Functional cysts, Corpus luteal cysts, Follicular cyst.