Histopathological spectrum of ophthalmic lesions in Chhattisgarh: study from a tertiary care centre

Abstract

Background: Ophthalmic pathology is a subspecialty of cellular pathology which deals with the diagnosis and characterization of eye diseases. Ophthalmic pathologists study tissues excised by ophthalmologists through evisceration and enucleation and other small biopsies from various ophthalmic surgeries. Ophthalmic lesions include a wide spectrum of lesions ranging from benign, premalignant to malignant lesions. The diagnosis of these lesions is based on the clinical as well as histopathological features. Methods: The present study was an observational prospective study conducted on a 62 ophthalmic biopsies received in Histopathology laboratory, Department of Pathology, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College and Dr. B.R.A.M. Hospital, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, between March 2016 and October 2016. Institutional ethics committee of Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, India has approved this study. Informed written consent was collected from the patients or their relatives. Results: Out of 62 cases of ophthalmic biopsies, 38 (61.29%) were non-neoplastic and 24 (38.71%) were neoplastic lesions. Among non-neoplastic lesions, inflammatory lesions of lacrimal sac were more common 16 (42%) followed by conjuctival lesions 10 (26.3%). Among the neoplastic lesions, retinoblastoma was the most common malignancy 11 (45.83%). Conclusions: The most common ocular malignancy was retinoblastoma; among non-neoplastic disorder, chronic dacryoadenitis followed by benign lesions of conjunctiva. Some ocular masses composed of rhino sporangium involving conjunctiva, lid or lacrimal sac.