Histopathological pattern of prostate diseases in Yola, Nigeria: A five-year review

Abstract

Background: This was a five-year retrospective study aimed at analyzing all prostate biopsies submitted to the Department of Pathology, Federal Medical Centre, Yola. It will also serve as a baseline or reference study for subsequent related research in the future. Materials and Methods: All cases registered as prostate diseases within the study period were extracted from the departmental records, comprising bench books and histology reports. The age of the patients, histological diagnosis, and specimen types or surgical procedures (core biopsy, transurethral resection of prostate, or prostatectomy) were retrieved as well. All the slides corresponding to the extracted registered prostate cases received in the department between January 2012 and December 2016 were retrieved, then reviewed microscopically and analyzed afterward. Results: A total of 634 prostate tissues were submitted for histology during the study period. 63.6% (403) of these specimens were prostatectomy, whereas the remaining were core biopsies. Almost all the cases (436) analyzed occurred in men 40 years and above and predominantly in the 7th and 8th decades. Nodular hyperplasia was the most prevalent prostatic disease seen over the study period accounting for 542 cases (85.5%). The second in frequency was prostatic adenocarcinoma constituting 14% (89) of the total cases. Two cases of high-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia and a case of chronic prostatic inflammation were also seen. Conclusion: This study has shown that prostate diseases are most prevalent in the 6th through 9th decades of life, with nodular hyperplasia being the most common lesion of the prostate.