Abstract
Aspirin is one of the widely-used, cheap and over-the-counter available non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It has anti-platelet, analgesic and anti-pyretic effects which can result in its indiscriminate ingestion. The liver is the organ of drug metabolism, bio-regulation and immuno-modulation. Thus, this study investigates the effects of varying aspirin doses on the gross and cellular architecture of the liver in Adult Wistar rat model. Thirty rats of comparable weights were divided into 5 groups; consisting of a control group and 4 tests. Group A served as control and was not treated while groups B, C, D and E served as the tests and were treated daily with 35, 70, 105 and 140 mg/kg body weight of aspirin respectively for 30 days. At the end of the experiment, the rats were anesthetized, and the liver dissected out for gross and histological studies. There was a slight dose-dependent increase in body weight but no noticeable gross liver change. However, there were dose dependent histo-pathological changes including sinusoidal congestion and increased cell basophilia from the 70 mg/kg to 140 mg/kg dose. Conclusively, aspirins at doses 70 mg/kg body weight and higher are associated with hepatic pathologies and care should be taken when these doses are administered for long durations.
Highlights
Aspirin, an acetylated salicylate, is classified among the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) [1]
Aspirin is a safe drug at low doses and has life-threatening side effects when administered at high doses
Aspirin ingestions at a dose greater that 70 mg/kg resulted in decrease body weight gain, no gross alteration in the appearance of the liver but increased cell basophilia and at a dose of 140 mg/kg causes moderate sinusoidal congestion
Summary
An acetylated salicylate (acetylsalicylic acid- ASA), is classified among the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) [1]. It is one of the well-known, cheap, available and widely used Non-Steroidal Anti. Aspirin is a safe drug at low doses and has life-threatening side effects when administered at high doses. It has been reported to cause adverse effects in pregnancy [3]. In-vitro and in-vivo studies showed that aspirin at high doses caused necrosis of the blood vessel tissues [4]. Long-term therapeutic use of aspirin has been associated with nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal ulcerations, and renal cell cancer and adverse effects to multiple organ systems [5, 6]
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