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Abstract
Background : Medicinal plants play a major role in controlling diabetes by producing microstructural changes in liver and pancreas. Quantification of islets and hepatocytes by using histomorphometric tools are effective in evaluating the antidiabetic action of drugs. Aims and Objectives: To assess the anti diabetic propertie s of alcoholic extracts of Mucuna Pruriens seeds (200 mg/kg b.w) by means of histological and histomorphometric analysis of pancreas and liver . Methods: Seventy two neonatal wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, i.e. Normal , Diabetic control, diabetic rats treated with Mucuna and Glibenclamide. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (65mg/kg b.w) in 5 day old neonatal rats (n =54).12 weeks after the injection, animals were divided in to four groups with 18 animals in each. The study groups were as follows. Group A -Normal control, Group B – STZ untreated, Group C - Mucuna Pruriens 200mg/kg, Group D -Glibenclamide (1mg/kg).Fasting blood sugar levels were monitored once a week during the drug study .i.e. 12 weeks. At the end of every 4 th week, 6 animals from each group were sacrificed for histological and histomorphometric studies on liver and Pancreas. Results: From the histological studies, the diabetic group showed reduction of cell population in the pancreas and depletion of the number of hepatocytes in the liver. After 12 weeks of Drug treatment, These changes were markedly reduced in Mucuna Pruriens treated group. The obtained results were further quantified by means of Histomorphometric analysis and the results showed reduction in the number and diameter of islets, number of beta cells and number of healthy hepatocytes in diabetic control group and treatment with Mucuna Pruriens seed extract significantly reversed these changes (p < 0.05) DOI:10.21276/APALM.1516
Highlights
IntroductionDiabetes mainly affects the metabolic functions of liver and pancreas; primarily beta cells in islets of Langerhans
Streptozotocin is derived from a soil bacterium called Streptomyces Achromogenes, produces permanent damage to the beta cells by DNA fragmentation and oxidative stress, which leads to a reduction in the beta cell mass and pancreatic islets
Results of this study shows that the oral treatment of Mucuna Pruriensproduced a significant 65% reduction of blood glucose level after 12 weeks of drug treatment (p
Summary
Diabetes mainly affects the metabolic functions of liver and pancreas; primarily beta cells in islets of Langerhans. Streptozotocin is derived from a soil bacterium called Streptomyces Achromogenes, produces permanent damage to the beta cells by DNA fragmentation and oxidative stress, which leads to a reduction in the beta cell mass and pancreatic islets. It elicits microstructural damage in hepatocytes, that adversely affects the glucose and lipid metabolism[3].The effectiveness of the antidiabetic agents like biguinaides, sulphonylureas and metformins are mostly dose dependent and prone to side effects[4]. Quantification of islets and hepatocytes by using histomorphometric tools are effective in evaluating the antidiabetic action of drugs
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