Abstract
Histone modifications are involved in regulation of chromatin structure. To investigate the relationship between chromatin modification and cell cycle regulation during plant cell proliferation, Okadaic acid (OA), a specific inhibitor of serine/threonine protein phosphatase, was applied in this study. The results showed that OA caused the cell cycle arrest at preprophase, leading to seedling growth inhibition. Western blotting assay revealed that the spatial distribution of phosphorylation of Ser10 histone H3 tails (H3S10ph) signals was altered under OA treatment. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was found to be at higher levels and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay displayed DNA breaks happened at the chromatin after treatment with OA, companied with an increase in the acetylation of histone H4 at lysine 5 (H4K5ac) level. From these observations, we speculated that the alteration of the spatial distribution of H3S10ph and the level of H4K5ac was involved in the procedure that OA induced DNA breaks and G2-M arrested by the accumulation of ROS, and that the histone H3S10ph and H4K5ac might facilitate DNA repair by their association with the chromatin decondensation.
Highlights
Recent data shows that epigenetic marks including DNA and histone modification are involved in chromatin DNA replication and genetic transmission during the cell cycle [1]
The results showed that primary root and leaf length of treated groups was shorter than that in the control group, revealing the suppression of seedling growth caused by Okadaic acid (Fig 1A– 1C)
The results showed that the rates of G1 phases were decreased and the rates of G2 phase significantly increased after treatment with Okadaic acid (OA) compared with the control group (Fig 1D and 1E)
Summary
Recent data shows that epigenetic marks including DNA and histone modification are involved in chromatin DNA replication and genetic transmission during the cell cycle [1]. Study of dynamics of epigenetic marks through cell cycle will be helpful for understanding mechanisms and means that ensure the correct information transmission in cell division. N-terminus tails of histones could be catalyzed by various enzymes, leading to different modifications, such as acetylation, methylation and phosphorylation [4]. These histone modifications alter chromatin structure and accessibility of transcription complexe, and regulate gene expression [5]. Hyperacetylated histone is generally located on transcriptional active chromatin region and deacetylated histone always appears on repressive
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