Abstract
Objective: To investigate occur the histomatrical alternations in placental terminal villi and their vessels of Iraqi diabetes (gestational diabetes and overt diabetes) and normal pregnancies were born male and female neonates. Methods: The hitometrical study of male and female terminal villi of 68 placentae in maternal diabetes mellitus (34 gestational diabetes, 34 overt diabetes (17 DM type 1 and 17 DM type 2) and 34 normal placentae. These placentae obtained from Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in three hospitals in Baghdad city. Results: The study showed that there is a statistically significant with higher diameter in central and peripheral sections of the terminal villi and their vessels in male neonate. Moreover, terminal villous diameter in central and peripheral sections of placentae in both male and female neonates appeared highly significant differences (P≤0.001) between DM type 1 and DM type 2, but fetal blood vessels in this terminal villous did not record any significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusions: The current results concluded that increasing in diameters terminal villous and their fetal blood vessels of central and peripheral sections of placentae recorded increasing diameters of GDM peripheral sections of placentae in male neonate in comparison to placental sections of other study groups.
Highlights
Placenta is the most essential fetal organ due to it is in control for interchange of all nutrients, oxygen and fluid from mother to fetus and elimination of fetal waste products
Terminal villous volume and vessel length is improved in type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes placentae compared to nondiabetic controls [6]
The aim of the present study is to examine the incidence of histomatrical alternations in placental terminal villi and their vessels of Iraqi diabetes and normal pregnancies were born male and female neonates
Summary
Placenta is the most essential fetal organ due to it is in control for interchange of all nutrients, oxygen and fluid from mother to fetus and elimination of fetal waste products. The placenta offers important data on the timing and etiology of numerous adverse events, counting fetal distress, neurologic injury, growth restriction, infections, mortality and several other fetal conditions. It reproduces the intrauterine environment, assistances in identification of unknown maternal conditions, such as during diabetes mellitus [1]. At the third trimester of gestation type 1 diabetes finding are related to increase each of vessel volume, surface area, total diffusive conductance, intervillous and trophoblast volume and greater degrees of vascular dysfunction, containing increased branching and non-branching angiogenesis, probably the result of increased leakiness of fetal placental vessels [4,5]. Terminal villous volume and vessel length is improved in type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes placentae compared to nondiabetic controls [6]. The aim of the present study is to examine the incidence of histomatrical alternations in placental terminal villi and their vessels of Iraqi diabetes (gestational diabetes and overt diabetes) and normal pregnancies were born male and female neonates
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