Abstract
ObjectivesThe present study aimed at performing a histological evaluation of the response of temporal bone tissue to a change of direction of the force vector of the mandible in relation to the base of the skull. Material and methodsAdult rabbits were assigned into four groups with two control and four experimental animals in each group. Experimental animals underwent surgery, which resulted in a change of direction of the force vector on the right temporomandibular joint. Samples were collected after 15, 30, 60 and 90 days for histological analysis. ResultsIn the two-way analysis of variance, the effect of group and time was statistically significant (p<0.001). Additionally, a statistically significant interaction between group and time was observed (p<0.001). Control animals showed normal growth and development of the temporal region. In the experimental group, the change in direction of the force vector of the mandible induced significant changes in the temporal bone, with a bone modeling process, which suggests growth of this cranial structure. ConclusionsThe methodology used in this experiment allows us to conclude that the change in direction of the force vector of the mandible in relation to the skull base induces remodeling and modeling processes in the temporal bone. The resumption of normal oral functions after bone healing of the mandibular fracture appears to increase cell activation in the remodeling and modeling of the temporal bone structure. The observation of areas of temporal bone modeling shows the relevance of further investigation on the correlation between the joint structures and craniofacial growth and development.
Highlights
The decades of 1940 and 1950 marked the development of new studies on craniofacial growth9,12
Intense activity was observed in temporal bone samples from experimental animals on day 15, with the presence of an osteoid tissue
Our results showed that the change in direction of the functional force vector of the mandible affected areas which are not usually subject to dynamic forces, inducing adjustments in these regions
Summary
The decades of 1940 and 1950 marked the development of new studies on craniofacial growth. The decades of 1940 and 1950 marked the development of new studies on craniofacial growth9,12 Within this context, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) attracted the attention of many researchers who demonstrated, in animal models mainly, its high resistance to impact forces. Different species are available, representing a large variety of anatomical models. The TMJ in New Zealand rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.). Is anatomically and functionally very similar to the human TMJ , 3,6,13,18 which makes them one of the most widely used animals for this type of study. According to Puricelli (1997,2009), in the human TMJ the functional force vector in the mandible has a posterior-anterior/ inferior-superior direction, through the condyle towards the articular tubercle of the zygomatic process. The influence of dynamic forces applied to the tissues is maintained by continuous stimulation of apposition and resorption
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