Histomorphological changes in the organs of the immune system of broiler chickens when using drug Betulin

Abstract

Currently, much attention is paid to maintaining the health of poultry and in this regard, the role of the immune system can hardly be overestimated. Specific protective reactions are carried out by immunocompetent cells that are located in the central and peripheral organs of the immune system. The purpose of the research was to study histomorphological changes in the thymus and Bursa fabricii of broiler chickens when using the phytodrug Betulin. The histomorphological changes in the central organs of the immune system (thymus and fabricius sac) of broiler chickens when using Betulin have been presented in the article. Betulin is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid of the lupan series. It is found in a large number of plants (hazel, calendula, licorice), but it does not occur in free form. On an industrial scale, it is extracted from birch bark – the outer layer of the bark of white birch (Betula alba), hanging (Betula pendula). Its biological activity has been confirmed in the course of scientific research in more than forty international scientific centers. The effectiveness of using triterpene compounds as direct regulators of the activity of the body’s enzymatic systems has been demonstrated. The research was carried out in the veterinary department of poultry at Siberian Scientifi c and Research Institute of Poultry – a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center” on broiler chickens of the cross Sibiryak. The chickens of the experimental groups were used Betulin from 7–21 days, the 1st experimental group at a dose of 2,5 mg/kg of live weight, the 2nd – 5,0 mg/kg, the 3rd – 10,0 mg/kg and the 4th – 15,0 mg/kg of live weight. The poultry of the control group did not receive the phytodrug Betulin. Vaccination of chickens was carried out at the age of 7 days against Newcastle disease viruses and infectious bronchitis of chickens, at 14 days against infectious bursal disease. It was found on the base histological studies that Betulin in doses of 10,0 and 15,0 mg/kg of live weight stimulated the proliferation of lymphocytes and differentiation of the central organs of the immune system of broiler chickens.